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Skip to Main Content Journals Physical Review Letters Physical Review X PRX Quantum Reviews of Modern Physics Physical Review A Physical Review B Physical Review C Physical Review E Physical Review Research Physical Review Accelerators and Beams Physical Review Applied Physical Review Fluids Physical Review Materials Physical Review Physics Education Research Physical Review Physical Review (Series I) Physics Physique Fizika Physics Magazine Help/Feedback Search/Article Lookup Log in Learn about our response to COVID-19 , including freely available research and expanded remote access support. covering particles, fields, gravitation, and cosmology Highlights Recent Accepted Authors Referees Search Press About APS and the Physical Review Editorial Office Continue to Support Researchers COVID-19 has impacted many institutions and organizations around the world, disrupting the progress of research. Through this difficult time APS and the Physical Review editorial office are fully equipped and actively working to support researchers by continuing to carry out all editorial and peer-review functions and publish research in the journals as well as minimizing disruption to journal access. We appreciate your continued effort and commitment to helping advance science, and allowing us to publish the best physics journals in the world. And we hope you, and your loved ones, are staying safe and healthy. Ways to Access APS Journal Articles Off-Campus Many researchers now find themselves working away from their institutions and, thus, may have trouble accessing the Physical Review journals. To address this, we have been improving access via several different mechanisms. See Off-Campus Access to Physical Review for further instructions. Introducing PRX Quantum , a new Physical Review journal Opening for submissions mid-2020, PRX Quantum will be a highly selective, open access journal featuring quantum information science and technology research with an emphasis on lasting and profound impact. The journal expands on the excellence and innovation of Physical Review X (PRX). 50 th Anniversary Milestones This collection of seminal papers from PRD highlights research that remains central to developments today in particle physics, quantum field and string theory, gravitation, cosmology, and particle astrophysics. Collection NEWS AND COMMENTARY Feeling the Squeeze at All Frequencies April 28, 2020 Two teams demonstrate frequency-dependent quantum squeezing, which could double the sensitivity of gravitational-wave detectors. Synopsis on: Yuhang Zhao et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 , 171101 (2020) Synopsis on: L. McCuller et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 124 , 171102 (2020) FEATURED IN PHYSICS 50 Years of : Making Ripples in Fields and Spacetime From nature’s tiniest particles to waves that traverse the Universe—physicists remember resounding finds from the last half-century. Special Feature in Physics MILESTONE Radiative Corrections as the Origin of Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking Coleman and Weinberg show that a theory with only a symmetric ground state at the classical level can still break symmetry spontaneously when quantum effects are taken into account. Sidney Coleman and Erick Weinberg Phys. Rev. D 7 , 1888 (1973) Collection EDITORS' SUGGESTION Measurement of | V c b | with B s 0 → D s ( * ) − μ + ν μ decays The LHCb collaborations obtains the first measurement of the CKM matrix element | V c b | from B s to D s ( * ) meson decays. Their result is compatible with previous determinations using decays of B mesons and has similar accuracy. R. Aaij et al. (LHCb Collaboration) Phys. Rev. D 101 , 072004 (2020) EDITORS' SUGGESTION Electron ionization via dark matter-electron scattering and the Migdal effect As dark matter searches push into the sub-GeV mass range, they look for electrons ionized by direct scattering with dark particles. However, dark matter scattering off nuclei can also produce electrons through the Migdal effect. In this paper the authors show that the Migdal effect can contribute significantly to signal rates and has to be included when interpreting experimental results. Daniel Baxter, Yonatan Kahn, and Gordan Krnjaic Phys. Rev. D 101 , 076014 (2020) EDITORS' SUGGESTION Chiral condensate and spectral density at full five-loop and partial six-loop orders of renormalization group optimized perturbation theory Using a renormalization group optimized perturbation theory to five loop order, the authors compute the ratio of the 1 / 3 th power of the chiral condensate to the QCD renormalization mass scale to an accuracy of two percent. Jean-Loïc Kneur and André Neveu Phys. Rev. D 101 , 074009 (2020) MILESTONE Inflationary universe: A possible solution to the horizon and flatness problems With this paper, Alan Guth lays the foundation of our modern understanding of the early Universe. Alan H. Guth Phys. Rev. D 23 , 347 (1981) Collection NEWS AND COMMENTARY Getting a Black Hole’s Spin from its Photon Ring April 8, 2020 The polarization of light in the bright ring around a black hole might reveal the object’s spin. Synopsis on: Elizabeth Himwich, Michael D. Johnson, Alexandru Lupsasca, and Andrew Strominger Phys. Rev. D 101 , 084020 (2020) ANNOUNCEMENT Mirjam Cvetič Selected as Lead Editor of March 3, 2020 APS has appointed Mirjam Cvetič, Fay R. and Eugene L. Langberg Professor in the Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Pennsylvania, as the Lead Editor of (PRD). She takes over this role from Erick Weinberg of Columbia University, who has served as PRD’s Lead Editor since September 1996. Cvetič started in her new role on March 1, 2020. Read More More News MILESTONE Exclusive processes in perturbative quantum chromodynamics Stanley Brodsky and G. Peter Lepage use QCD to develop a solid theoretical basis for hard exclusive processes in hadron scattering. G. Peter Lepage and Stanley J. Brodsky Phys. Rev. D 22 , 2157 (1980) Collection EDITORS' SUGGESTION Algebraic classical and quantum field theory on causal sets This paper provides the first construction of a wide class of algebraic quantum field theory (AQFT) models on causal sets. A deformation quantization of the underlying algebra is used to define the AQFT on a fixed causal set. The sensitivity of observables to changes in the underlying causal set is captured in a relative Cauchy evolution. Edmund Dable-Heath, Christopher J. Fewster, Kasia Rejzner, and Nick Woods Phys. Rev. D 101 , 065013 (2020) MILESTONE Monte Carlo study of quantized SU(2) gauge theory Michael Creutz pioneers the nonperturbative, numerical solution of QCD, formulated on a spacetime lattice, by Monte Carlo simulations. Michael Creutz Phys. Rev. D 21 , 2308 (1980) Collection MILESTONE Neutrino oscillations in matter Lincoln Wolfenstein shows that interaction with matter affects the way neutrinos oscillate. L. Wolfenstein Phys. Rev. D 17 , 2369 (1978) Collection KALEIDOSCOPE Implications on spatial models of interstellar gamma-ray inverse-Compton emission from synchrotron emission studies in radio and microwaves June 11, 2019 E. Orlando Phys. Rev. D 99 , 043007 (2019) More Kaleidoscopes Current Issues Vol. 101, Iss. 9-10 — May 2020 View Current Issues Previous Issues Vol. 101, Iss. 7-8 — April 2020 Vol. 101, Iss. 5-6 — March 2020 Vol. 101, Iss. 3-4 — February 2020 Vol. 101, Iss. 1-2 — January 2020 Browse All Issues » To celebrate 50 years of enduring discoveries, APS is offering 50% off APCs for any manuscript submitted in 2020, published in any of its hybrid journals: PRL, PRA, PRB, PRC, PRD, PRE, PRApplied, PRFluids, and PRMaterials. Learn More » Email Alerts Sign up to receive regular email alerts from Announcements APS Announces Outstanding Referees for 2020 March 2, 2020 APS has selected 147 Outstanding Referees for 2020 that have demonstrated exceptional work in the assessment of manuscripts submitted to the Physical Review journals. A full list of the Outstanding Referees is available online . Information on SCOAP 3 and Physical Re...